You love your dog so much, but is the feeling mutual? Cognitive ethologist and author of "Canine Confidential," Marc Bekoff explains. Following is the transcription from the video.

Your dog is the best. You go on long walks together, cuddle up on the couch, and enjoy sloppy kisses. You really love that pup. But … is there any way to know if your dog loves you back?

Well, first let’s address the bigger question: does your dog love anything? Can your dog love?

Marc Bekoff:“I think we can, in many ways, apply the same criteria to dogs as we do to human animals.”

Marc Bekoff spent a lifetime understanding animal minds. From coyotes and wolves to domestic dogs like yours, and he says that dogs probably think and feel similar to humans.

Marc Bekoff:“A lot of new research on neuroimaging using functional magnetic resonance imaging- fMRI’s, is showing that the same parts of dog brains and human brains light up when for example, they’re feeling jealous.”

So the difference between how your dog feels joy, and other emotions, and how you experience them, might be like the difference between you and another human. So dogs can likely experience what we’d think of as loving relationships and studies show that dogs are pretty good at building relationships with us, too.

One study found that dog brains are highly adapted to recognizing human faces and interpreting our social cues. So, maybe that’s how your dog always knows when you had a bad day.

But are those puppy dog eyes just for you or is your dog only pretending to love you for food?

Marc Bekoff:“That, I think, is really ridiculous. Are there dogs who use people for certain things? I’m sure there are, just like there are some people who use people for certain things. But i don’t think that would characterize the overall nature of dog-human relationships.”

So yes, your dog can love you!

But just because they can doesn’t automatically mean they do.

Marc Bekoff:“To say that they’re unconditional lovers is just ridiculous. Each dog is a unique individual and it’s not one-size-fits-all. Even the most brutally abused dogs I’ve met who took months to get them to even make eye contact with me have the capacity to love. But there’s just very good reasons why they don’t. In order for you to feel the love, you have to earn that trust.”

And like everything worth having in life, that trust will take time and work. But it can be done.

Marc Bekoff:“It’s sometimes just telling them they’re a good dog when they’ve done nothing. I did a study about the frequency with which people say no, stop that, versus “good dog.”

And, don’t worry, you’ll know once you’ve gotten to that special point in your relationship.

Marc Bekoff:“Do they follow you around, do they just hang out with you, not only when you’re feeding them or walking them. Do they seek you out? When you’re not there, is it clear that they miss you?

Oh yeah, that’s one happy dog. So can your dog love you? Absolutely.

Does your dog love you? Well, that’s on you.

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• Pope Francis told reporters in Tallinn, Estonia, that everyone covered up sex abuse scandals in the past. 
• He suggested that it's unfair to apply modern standards to the Catholic Church's cover up.
• His comments come amid Catholic Church sex abuse scandals worldwide, with the most recent revealing at least 3,677 children had been abused by priests in Germany between 1946 and 2014.

Pope Francis says that it's unfair to apply modern standards to the Catholic Church's sex abuse cover up.

Speaking to reporters in Tallinn, Estonia, on Tuesday, the pope suggested that everyone covered up crimes in the past, and that the Catholic Church shouldn't be singled out, the Associated Press reported.

He said he was not excusing the church's actions but said it was unfair to judge the cover up by today's standards, comparing it to judging the conversion of indigenous people in the colonial era or the past use of the death penalty.

His comments come amid sex abuse scandals worldwide, with the most recent revealing at least 3,677 children had been abused by priests in Germany between 1946 and 2014.

In the US, a grand jury report released in August revealed more than 1,000 children had been abused by 300 priests in Pennsylvania over the last seven decades.

Since the grand jury report was released, several other states have opened investigations into alleged sex abuse within their own dioceses.

Also while in Estonia, Francis told a crowd that he was aware that many young people felt the church had nothing to offer them.

"They are outraged by sexual and economic scandals that do not meet with clear condemnation, by our unpreparedness to really appreciate the lives and sensibilities of the young, and simply by the passive role we assign them," he said, according to the Associated Press.

Nearly two-thirds of Estonia's residents have no religious affiliation, with Lutheran and Russian Orthodox being the most popular religions.

Pope Francis said the Catholic Church wants to be transparent going forward.

"We ourselves need to be converted," he said. "We have to realize that in order to stand by your side we need to change many situations that, in the end, put you off."

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NOW WATCH: 3 surprising ways humans are still evolving

• Cadillac will relocate its headquarters back to Detroit from New York City.
• Cadillac moved its HQ to New York under former boss Johan de Nysschen in 2015.
• In a statement, General Motors said the move will enable Cadillac to better execute its new-vehicle strategy in the coming years.

Cadillac will end an experiment in relocating the brand to New York City, General Motors confirmed on Wednesday.

News of the decision was first reported by the Wall Street Journal.

GM's luxury brand moved its sales, marketing, and finance operations to Manhattan's Soho neighborhood in 2015 under then-chief Johan de Nysschen. The strategy was to have Cadillac's global headquarters in one of the world's cultural capitals.

Cadillac created a modern, airy office space and established Cadillac House on the ground floor of a building on Hudson Street to present a public face for the brand is it reinvented itself.

But earlier this year, GM shook up top management at Cadillac. De Nysschen left and was replaced by Steve Carlisle as President. Carlisle, a GM veteran, had been running the company's Canada operations. In addition, GM Executive Vice President Mark Reuss was given oversight responsibilities for the wreath-and-shield.

Cadillac headquarters will return to Detroit and be located in Warren, MI, near GM's Technical Center. The brand is poised to roll out numerous new products over the next two years and is serving as a test platform for Super Cruise, GM's consumer-facing semi-self-driving system.

Cadillac is making the move to support its rollout of new vehicles

"Cadillac’s move to Michigan will further support one of the most aggressive on-going product expansions in the brand’s history, with the introduction of a new vehicle every six months through 2020," GM said in a statement.

"The move will place the Cadillac brand team closer to those responsible for the new Cadillacs, including design, engineering, purchasing and manufacturing, ensuring full integration of Cadillac’s global growth strategy."

Cadillac House will "maintain a brand presence in New York City," GM added, functioning "as a public space for events, concerts and collaborative partnerships until longer term brand plans are in place."

According to the Wall Street Journal, 110 Cadillac employees currently work in New York.

Cadillac's portfolio had been out-of-step with the US market until the introduction of the XT5 crossover SUV in 2016. The full-size Escalade SUV had long been a good performer for the brand, but its lineup of sedans wasn't appealing to American luxury buyers. 

As the WSJ noted, however, Cadillac has expanded successfully in China, now the world's largest auto market.

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NOW WATCH: Cadillac’s answer to the BMW M4 is ready for the race track

• Papa John's founder and ex-CEO John Schnatter is reportedly in talks with private equity firms to repurchase the pizza chain he departed from earlier this year. 
• CNBC said some firms have turned him away, worried about reputational risks, following his admission of using the N-word on a company conference call in May. 
• Shares surged 10% following the report.
• Watch Papa John's trade in real time here. 

Papa John's surged 10% Wednesday after CNBC reported its former CEO, John Schnatter, has been reaching out to private equity firms as he eyes buying back the company he founded in 1984.

"Several private equity firms have turned him down though, concerned about of the reputational risks inherent in partnering with him"CNBC's Lauren Hirsch reports.

"Meantime, those interested in buying Papa John's do not believe that working with Schnatter is the best path towards a winning offer, some of the sources say."

Schnatter, who still owns nearly a third of the pizza chain, resigned from its board in July after admitting to using a racial slur on a company conference call in May. He had previously departed his post as CEO last December.

Since Schnatter left the company, Papa John's enacted a "poison pill" provision designed to prevent him from taking over the company by buying its stock on the open market. It's not clear how this caveat may work if a private equity firm — which have been snapping up fast-food shares left and right lately— were to work with Schnatter to acquire a majority stake.

Papa John's shares were down 33% this year. 

SEE ALSO: Embattled Papa John's exec John Schnatter resigns as chairman of the board at the pizza chain after admitting to using racial slur on a conference call

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NOW WATCH: One bite from this tick could ruin red meat for the rest of your life

• The Senate Judiciary Committee released prepared remarks from Supreme Court nominee Brett Kavanaugh on Christine Blasey Ford's allegation he sexually assaulted her when they were teenagers.
• Kavanaugh said the allegations against him are "last-minute smears," adding that he will not be "intimidated" into withdrawing his nomination. 
• He acknowledged that he wasn't "perfect" in high school.
• Kavanaugh and Ford are both set to testify on the allegation before the committee on Thursday. 

The Senate Judiciary Committee on Wednesday released prepared remarks from Supreme Court nominee Judge Brett Kavanaugh he is set to give at a hearing focused on Christine Blasey Ford's allegation he sexually assaulted her when they were teenagers. 

Kavanaugh and Ford are both set to testify before the committee on Thursday. 

Two other women, Deborah Ramirez and Julie Swetnick, have also accused Kavanaugh of sexual misconduct in either high school or college. 

In his prepared remarks, Kavanaugh said the allegations against him are "last-minute smears," adding that he will not be "intimidated" into withdrawing his nomination. 

Kavanaugh conceded he wasn't "perfect" in high school, but claimed he spent most of his time "focused on academics, sports, church, and service" in those days and further denied Ford's accusations. 

"I never did anything remotely resembling what Dr. Ford describes," Kavanaugh said, while claiming he's "never sexually assaulted anyone" at any point his life. 

Ford, a professor in California, alleges Kavanaugh attempted to force himself on her at a party in Montgomery County, Maryland, when they were both in high school. She said Kavanaugh covered her mouth with his hand when she tried to scream. 

Ramirez, who attended Yale University at the same time as Kavanaugh, alleges he shoved his penis in her face at a party in college. 

On Wednesday morning, Ramirez's lawyer said she'd be willing to testify on her allegations. 

Attorney Michael Avenatti for the past several days claimed to have a client with evidence of sexual misconduct against Kavanaugh. Swetnick was revealed as the client on Wednesday, and in a sworn declaration claimed Kavanaugh was present at a party where she was gang raped. 

SEE ALSO: Michael Avenatti reveals client who is 3rd woman to accuse Brett Kavanaugh of sexual misconduct

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NOW WATCH: Inside the Trump 'MAGA' hat factory

• The day before she appeared on "Shark Tank," Doddle & Co cofounder Nicki Radzely froze up and forgot her name during the final rehearsal.
• Radzely, who was pitching the Pop Pacifier, had to appear on the show alone because her cofounder, Janna Badger, had just given birth.
• Despite all the commotion, Radzely earned multiple offers, ultimately accepting $250,000 from Kevin O'Leary.

Nicki Radzely and Janna Badger, the founders of Doddle & Co, were supposed to appear on "Shark Tank" together.

But a few days before the episode was scheduled to film, Badger, who was living in Seoul, South Korea, gave birth to her third child. Radzely would have to dive into the tank alone.

Doddle & Co makes baby products. including pacifiers and teethers; on the "Shark Tank" episode, Radzely was pitching the Pop Pacifier, which is designed to stay clean because the nipple pops back in every time it falls. At the time, the company was just four months old.

The day before the episode was filmed, there was a final rehearsal with the show's producers. "I went out on the rehearsal stage feeling really confident, that I'd done this before to some degree and that I was going to hit the ball out of the park," Radzely told Business Insider.

But when the producers drew back the curtain, Radzely said, there was no audience, no stage. All she could see was "a sea of desks and laptops and everyone completely silent, staring back at me."

Undeterred, Radzely looked at the producers and said, "Hi. My name is…"

"I completely froze and forgot my name," Radzely recalled. The producers gave her a second chance, reassuring her that she'd be fine. "I was like, ‘OK, you got this. You know what you're doing.'"

Once again, she walked through the curtain and said, "Hi. My name is…" This time, the producers took pity on her, telling her simply to practice before the next day.

Radzely went back to her hotel room in a state of panic and spent the next 12 hours rehearsing.

Standing on the "Shark Tank" stage, Radzely was perfectly poised and delivered her pitch seamlessly. She received multiple offers, including a joint offer from Sara Blakely, founder of Spanx, and Lori Greiner. Ultimately, Radzely opted to accept Kevin O'Leary's offer: $250,000 for 10% of the company.

After the show, according to Doddle & Co, the deal fell apart, because the founders didn't like the terms and conditions.

Still, the founders have no regrets about having Radzely appear on "Shark Tank." Today, Doddle & Co has reached nearly $1 million in sales.

"The show was tremendous for the brand," Radzely said, largely because it put their name out into the world.

In that sense, she said, "we got a good deal."

SEE ALSO: 'Shark Tank' founders who were called 'sock cockroaches' on national TV prepared answers to about 300 questions before they even appeared on the show — and they landed a $200,000 deal

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NOW WATCH: I woke up at 4:30 a.m. for a week like a Navy SEAL

• In her forthcoming memoir "Lessons: My Path to a Meaningful Life," Gisele Bündchen revealed her previous mental health struggles.
• The model said she experienced claustrophobia and panic attacks that left her feeling "powerless" and lead to suicidal thoughts.
• Bündchen says she improved her mental health by consulting doctors and overhauling her lifestyle, which used to involve drinking three Frappucinos and a bottle of wine every day.
• Now, she and her husband Tom Brady follow a notably strict diet.

In her forthcoming memoir "Lessons: My Path to a Meaningful Life," Gisele Bündchen wrote about her past struggle with mental health. Speaking to People, the model said she experienced claustrophobia and panic attacks that left her feeling "powerless" and lead to suicidal thoughts.

"Things can be looking perfect on the outside, but you have no idea what's really going on," Bündchen told People of her decision to share her story. "I felt like maybe it was time to share some of my vulnerabilities, and it made me realize, everything I've lived through, I would never change, because I think I am who I am because of those experiences."

Bündchen's fear of enclosed spaces like tunnels, elevators, and cars began in 2003 when she experienced her first panic attack during a turbulent ride on a small plane, People reported.

"I had a wonderful position in my career, I was very close to my family, and I always considered myself a positive person, so I was really beating myself up. Like, 'Why should I be feeling this?' I felt like I wasn't allowed to feel bad," she said. "But I felt powerless. Your world becomes smaller and smaller, and you can't breathe, which is the worst feeling I've ever had." 

The panic attacks became so intense that the model had suicidal thoughts, Bündchen told the magazine.

"I actually had the feeling of, 'If I just jump off my balcony, this is going to end, and I never have to worry about this feeling of my world closing in,'" she said.

Eventually, Bündchen sought the help of a doctor, who prescribed her Xanax. "The thought of being dependent on something felt, in my mind, even worse, because I was like, 'What if I lose that [pill]? Then what? Am I going to die?'" she told People. "The only thing I knew was, I needed help."

Instead, under the guidance of specialists, Bündchen decided to completely overhaul her lifestyle. 

"I had been smoking cigarettes, drinking a bottle of wine and three mocha Frappucinos every day, and I gave up everything in one day," she said. "I thought, if this stuff is in any way the cause of this pain in my life, it's gotta go." 

And when she was "alone" in her major life changes, she broke up with then-boyfriend Leonardo DiCaprio in 2005. 

"Everyone who crosses our path is a teacher, they come into our lives to show us something about ourselves," she said of DiCaprio. "And I think that's what he was. What is good versus bad? I honor him for what he was."

She and her husband Tom Brady married in 2009. The two follow a notably strict, plant-based diet. They live with their two children and Brady's son from a previous relationship.

"They are really flourishing to be the beautiful angels that they are," Bündchen told Page Six of the children.

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NOW WATCH: This holder lets you slice vegetables with ease

If you've ever been put in charge of making dinner plans for a large group of people, you know the difficulty of navigating food allergies and picky preferences to settle on an option that everyone — or at least the majority — can agree on.

But with a new group planning feature, Google is trying to ease some of that stress.

The new feature — which was announced at Google I/O in May and started rolling out to users on Wednesday — lets you use Google Maps to create a shortlist of restaurant options that your friends can vote on. By scrolling through the app's "Explore" tab, you'll be able to view a list of restaurants and compile the poll, which can then be shared on messaging platforms. 

Although some group messaging platforms do currently have polling features available — like GroupMe and iMessage, for example — the amount of information you can include is quite limited. 

It's worth noting that in order to use Google's polling feature, everyone in the group must have Google Maps downloaded. So before relying on this app to make all your future plans, make sure your friends loyal to Apple Maps download Google's navigational app.

Here's how you can start using Google Maps to make group planning less of a painful and tedious process.

SEE ALSO: Tinder is slowly rolling out a Bumble-like feature where women have to make the first move before men can message them

When scrolling through a list of options in Google Maps' Explore tab — which you can filter based on location, price, etc. — long press on a place to add it to a shortlist you want to create.

Your shortlist is indicated by a small floating bubble off to the side of your screen that will show the number of places you have added to your list.

Clicking on the bubble will show you the list of options, which is easy to edit. You can then share the list to a group on a number of platforms, including iMessage, WhatsApp, Facebook Messenger, and email.

Once the list is shared, members of the group can vote on the options with either a thumbs up or thumbs down. Everyone with access will be able to add additional suggestions or remove any of the options, and the app will even indicate which place is winning in the poll.

This new feature does not guarantee the everyone's happiness with the final decision, but hopefully the democratic process will ease some of the stress of group planning.

The group planning feature will be available to use when you update to the latest version of Google Maps on your smartphone.

• Tesla's approach to developing and selling self-driving technology is unlike its competitors'. 
• Tesla doesn't use lidar, a piece of hardware its high-profile competitors consider a necessity. Tesla has also resisted its rivals' preference for acquisitions and partnerships.
• Tesla also sells hardware it promises will support self-driving software, though it doesn't specifically say when that software will be available.
• Two prominent Tesla bulls — Gene Munster and Adam Jonas — told Business Insider they think the company's unconventional ideas will pay off in some areas and require a reversal in others.

Tesla's approach to developing and selling self-driving technology could cause some hiccups for the company down the line, experts say. 

The most divisive element of its strategy, arguably, is its refusal to use lidar sensors, which emit pulses of light that bounce off objects to determine where they're located, in its planned self-driving system. Lidar sensors are seen by Tesla's high-profile competitors, like Waymo, General Motors, and Uber, as a necessity, but Tesla CEO Elon Musk has said they're a "crutch," and that Tesla can build self-driving cars using just cameras and radars.

Gene Munster, a managing partner at the venture capital firm Loup Ventures, said while Tesla will be able to improve its semi-autonomous driver assistance system, Autopilot, without lidar, Tesla will have to use it to achieve Level 5 autonomy— which means a vehicle can drive itself without human input in all situations.

Munster said he is interested in Tesla's autonomous driving technology in part because of a 2016 video on the company's website, which depicts a vehicle driving itself on residential streets and handling situations, like left-hand turns at intersections, that present challenges for self-driving vehicles. The video suggests that Tesla's autonomous driving technology is close to consumer-ready, but Munster said that likely isn't the case.

"I think we're just further away than that video would make you believe," he said.

Adam Jonas, an auto analyst at Morgan Stanley who has a $299.02 price target for the stock, said Tesla will most likely use lidar within the next eight years.

"I would be surprised if, by the middle of the next decade, they did not have some form of lidar on the car," he said.

Tesla may have to refund a risky product

If Munster and Jonas' predictions are correct, Tesla will find itself in a difficult position. Since October 2016, the company has sold what it calls "full self-driving capability." For $3,000 (or $5,000 if purchased after delivery), customers can double the number of cameras on their vehicles from four to eight, which Tesla says will give them the ability to drive without human assistance once the necessary software is ready and receives regulatory approval. But on its website, Tesla says it doesn't know when that will happen. 

Selling a feature without giving any timeline for its availability is unusual in any industry, and Munster said he doesn't think Tesla will be able to fulfill its promise that all vehicles sold since October 2016 will be able to support self-driving hardware. 

"I'm surprised they sell it," he said.

Munster said he believes fully-autonomous vehicles won't arrive for five to 10 years, and that Tesla will have to refund the customers who bought the self-driving hardware for incompatible vehicles, a number Munster said he thinks is relatively small compared to the number of Autopilot customers, or offer them discounts on newer Tesla vehicles.

Tesla's confidence in its ability to integrate new software into existing hardware may stem from its history of vertical integration. The company has long sought to design and manufacture as many elements of its vehicles as possible, rather than outsource them to third parties, a rarity in the modern auto industry.

That desire extends to autonomous driving technology. While many of its competitors, like General Motors, Ford, Toyota, Volkswagen, Waymo, and Uber, have sought acquisitions or partnerships, Tesla has been developing its self-driving software without outside assistance and has moved to decrease its reliance on third-party hardware. While the company's current vehicles feature software chips made by Nvidia, Musk said in 2017 that Tesla has been developing its own chip. During the company's second-quarter earnings call in August, Musk said the chip's processing power is "an order of magnitude" better than any existing options.

Going it alone could pay off

Tesla's go-it-alone strategy risks spreading the company's resources too thin or demanding unsustainable levels of investment, but it could pay off in the long run, Munster and Jonas said. Munster compared Tesla's desire for vertical integration to Apple's. Unlike some mobile phone makers, Apple sought to control the manufacturing and design of the iPhone, which has helped drive the company's enormous profits and historic market capitalization since its introduction in 2007.

For traditional automakers, who have spent most of their existence focused on vehicle manufacturing, a partnership with a tech company can accelerate the transition to a business model that is more reliant on software and services. Likewise, partnering with an auto manufacturer is easier for a tech company than learning how to make cars. But Tesla has emphasized both software and manufacturing expertise since its founding, which is the optimal route, Munster said, and makes it easier for the company to work on new technology without outside assistance.

Jonas said taking on autonomous driving hardware and software by itself will yield dividends for Tesla, even if it does end up partnering with another company down the line. By attempting to solve the most difficult problems in self-driving technology, Tesla will develop a wider base of knowledge than its competitors, which could help in identifying and working with potential partners, Jonas said. 

Tesla's desire to create self-driving technology with minimal assistance is the latest in a history of bold, unconventional decisions. How well this one pays off will have a significant impact on the company's future.

Have a Tesla news tip? Contact this reporter at mmatousek@businessinsider.com.

Read more about automotive technology:

• I tried Tesla's Autopilot for the first time — and it was terrifying at first
• Car companies are pouring billions into self-driving tech they may never use, experts say
• Waymo could be worth as much $175 billion — here's a brief history of the Google Car project
• A Waymo employee reveals how the company is putting their self-driving cars to the test
• I rode in a self-driving shuttle in Times Square — and it showed what the early years of fully-autonomous vehicles might look like
• We tried Tesla's, Cadillac's, and Mercedes' semi-autonomous driving systems — and the winner is clear

SEE ALSO: Tesla's problems are growing — here's everything that has gone wrong so far this year

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NOW WATCH: This trike is made to look like a semitruck

• Judge Brett Kavanaugh denied sexual misconduct allegations made by a third woman against him on Wednesday. 
• "This is ridiculous and from the Twilight Zone. I don't know who this is and this never happened," Kavanaugh said in a statement released by the White House. 

Judge Brett Kavanaugh denied sexual misconduct allegations made by a third woman against him on Wednesday, calling them "ridiculous and from the Twilight Zone" and adding that he does not know the woman who made the allegations.  

In a sworn declaration made public by attorney Michael Avenatti, Julie Swetnick said Kavanaugh and his friend Mark Judge engaged in "abusive and physically aggressive behavior toward girls" at house parties in high school in the early 1980s. 

Swetnick, 55, said Kavanaugh and Judge helped the teenage girls become "inebriated and disoriented so they could then be 'gang raped' in a side room or bedroom by a 'train' of numerous boys" during the parties. Swetnick also alleged that said Kavanaugh and Judge were present when she was "gang raped" at a party in 1982.

Swetnick, who said she holds multiple active US government security clearances, also said she shared details of the incident with two additional people shortly after the sexual assault took place.

"This is ridiculous and from the Twilight Zone. I don't know who this is and this never happened," Kavanaugh said in a statement released by the White House. 

Kavanaugh has also forcefully denied the two other women's allegations, calling the claims "smears, pure and simple" and "grotesque and obvious character assassination" in a letter to the Senate Judiciary Committee on Monday.

During a Monday interview with Fox News, he said he wouldn't "speculate about motives."

Senate Judiciary Committee aides said that they are reviewing Swetnick's claims just a day before Kavanaugh and one of his other accusers, psychology professor Christine Blasey Ford, are set to testify before the Senate.

Ford says Kavanaugh forced himself on her, locked her in a room, groped her, and covered her mouth to mask her screams during a drunken house party when she was 15 and he was 17.

And a former college classmate of Kavanaugh's, Deborah Ramirez, alleged this week that an intoxicated Kavanaugh exposed himself to her and thrust his penis in her face when the two were students at Yale University. 

SEE ALSO: How to watch the Christine Blasey Ford and Kavanaugh hearings live — and what to expect

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NOW WATCH: Inside the Trump 'MAGA' hat factory

• On Tuesday, Bill Cosby was sentenced to three to 10 years at a state-of-the-art, maximum security prison in Pennsylvania after being convicted of drugging and sexually assault a woman.
• The 81-year-old’s lawyers were initially pushing for house arrest due to the actor’s age and legal blindness, but he’s now temporarily in his own prison cell thanks to his high profile.
• Pudding was reportedly on the menu for Cosby’s first prison meal, along with chicken and iced tea.
• The star may choose to hold a prison job at less than $0.50 per hour, a huge pay cut from the millions he raked in during his acting career.
• Cosby’s legal blindness may stop him from taking certain vocational classes — like barbering and carpentry — and prevent him from performing manual labor jobs. 

Yesterday Bill Cosby was remanded to the Pennsylvania's State Correctional Institute at Phoenix, where he'll serve three to 10 years after being convicted of drugging and sexually assaulting a woman in 2004.

While there’s no telling exactly how long Cosby will serve, we do have some insight into what prison may be like for the sitcom star who was once labeled "America’s Dad."

Cosby started off his stay with a healthy dose of pudding.

Cosby’s 1987 Jello campaign is one of his most recognizable jobs. And as it turns out, the star will be eating some of the same stuff in prison. TMZreports that pudding was part of the comedian’s first meal behind bars. The tabloid spoke to sources at Montgomery County Correctional Facility, where Cosby was being held until he was transferred to Phoenix,who revealed that inmates were served a chicken patty with gravy, mashed potatoes, some veggies and iced tea, along with the sweet treat on Tuesday night.  

According to Thrillist, prison food isn’t as nice as it sounds on paper. Many state facilities have been forced to cut servings down from three meals a day to just two. If Cosby wants the best meals, he should consider converting to Judaism or at least faking it. Thrillist claims kosher meals in prison are so good that some inmates actually do try to fake their religion. Fans of "Orange is the New Black" saw this play out in the Netflix series.

The comedian initially got his own cell.

SCI Phoenix is around 25 miles from where Cosby was tried. According to Philly.com, the star originally nabbed his own cell because of his high profile. He will eventually join the general population in one of the 3,830 beds in SCI Phoenix’s brand new facility.

At the start of his stay, the star temporarily said goodbye to all of his belongings. CNNreports he was only given a few basics including a prison uniform, toiletries, linens, towels, and state-issued boots.

The first 10 days may be isolating for Cosby.

It will likely take several weeks for Cosby to be medically and psychologically evaluated by staff. Philly.com reports that the star’s visits are limited to lawyers and religious advisers during the first 10 days; however, he is allowed to have phone calls. After the 10-day period, he can submit a list of up to 50 potential visitors for the prison to approve.

"We are taking all of the necessary precautions to ensure Mr. Cosby's safety and general welfare in our institution," Corrections Secretary John Wetzel told Philly.com. "The long-term goal is for him to be placed in the general population to receive the programming required during his incarceration."

But former inmate O.J. Simpson says Cosby will be a target if he's put with the general population. "The problem is the nature of the crime,"Simpson told TMZ. "Rapists are frowned upon in prison."

Cosby will only make up to $0.45 per hour for his work.

The sitcom star, who is thought to be on the hook for $282,000 in unpaid legal bills in addition to a $25,000 fine for his assault case, may be able to slowly — very slowly — pay off his debt behind bars. A Pennsylvania Dept. of Corrections officer told TMZthat Cosby can find a job as soon as he begins his sentence if one is available.

Cosby was once considered the world’s highest-paid actor. At the height of his fame in the mid-80s he reportedly earned more than $80 million. In prison, he’s taking a massive pay cut. TMZ reports that the star will make between $0.19 and $0.45 per hour working one of a few potential jobs, including inside or outside maintenance, kitchen work, working in a garment factory, or helping sick inmates. His age and legal blindness will likely affect the type of work he’s allowed to do, and manual labor will probably be taken off the list.

If Cosby doesn’t want a job, he may be able to learn a trade.

According to CNN, SCI Phoenix features over 30 rooms where inmates can attend classes and religious services, work out at the gym, or get their hair cut. This includes vocational education in subjects like carpentry, barbering and custodial maintenance. It’s unlikely Cosby will opt for the former two trades considering his legal blindness, but he may wish to fall back on side job as a custodian to help him pay off some legal bills when he’s released. Most likely, he’ll remain retired.

Any classes the comedian takes can’t interfere with his mandatory counseling sessions. As a "sexually violent predator," he’ll receive correctional treatment throughout his stay, according to Philly.com.

Cosby was hoping for house arrest before his sentencing.

Though Cosby was ultimately given prison time, the star’s lawyers had initially pushed for house arrest, claiming the legally blind actor was "too old and vulnerable" for prison.

O.J. Simpson also said he believes Cosby would be better off in house arrest. "With his health and his age and the nature of the crime, there's not a warden in this country wants the responsibility of a Bill Cosby," he said. "I think they should let him do his time under house arrest."

But Montgomery County Judge Steven O’Neill disagreed. Speaking to a packed courtroom, O'Neill labeled Cosby a "sexually violent predator," but said "it would be an error for the court to base its decision solely on the seriousness of the crime." Because Cosby was considered a flight risk, he was remanded immediately to prison.

"No one is above the law, and no one should be treated differently or disproportionately,"continued O'Neill, noting that sentencing shouldn't be based on "who he is or who he was."

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• Safety Eric Reid, who protested police brutality alongside Colin Kaepernick, has signed a one-year deal with the Carolina Panthers.
• Reid had also joined Kaepernick's grievance against the NFL accusing the league of colluding against the pair.
• According to reports, Reid has no plans of backing off the grievance despite now being signed.

After spending the first three weeks of the 2018 NFL season as a free agent, safety Eric Reid, who knelt alongside Colin Kaepernick in protest of police brutality, has signed a one-year deal with the Carolina Panthers.

"Eric has been a starting safety in the NFL and has played at a high level throughout his career," Panthers general manager Marty Hurney said in a statement. "After we put (safety) Da’Norris Searcy on injured reserve, Ron (Rivera) and I discussed our options, and Eric was at the top of our list. He is a physical safety with good ball skills and play-making ability."

While the deal doesn't come as a total surprise due to the Panthers' need at the position, the move is noteworthy because Reid had joined with Kaepernick in his collusion case against the NFL. Reid, a former Pro Bowler and just 26 years old as a free agent, joined the case after inexplicably going unsigned this offseason.

Despite now being signed, Mike Florio at ProFootballTalk reports that Reid's new job should have no impact on his collusion case against the league.

Wide receiver Torrey Smith had lobbied for the team to sign Reid on Tuesday, telling reporters "I think we all know why he hasn't received a call." Now, with the Panthers heading into their bye week, Smith has got his wish, and Reid will have a full week to prepare with his new team.

Reid will likely make his debut with the Panthers on October 7 against the New York Giants.

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• Berkshire Hathaway CEO Warren Buffett has long decried Wall Street's habit of providing quarterly earnings guidance.
• But last year, S&P 500 companies issued forward guidance at the highest rate since 2008, according to a report by S&P Global Market Intelligence.
• Executives have made fewer forecasts this year amid more calls to do away with the practice. 

Warren Buffett has long said short-termism is bad for companies, but many didn't seem to concur last year. 

Companies on the S&P 500 issued quarterly earnings guidance 444 times in 2017, the most since 2008, according to a report by S&P Global Market Intelligence released on Thursday. 

Forward guidance remains a cornerstone of the quarterly ritual of earnings reporting. Unlike their results, public companies are not required by law to give investors hard estimates for the future. But many companies do so anyway to give analysts and shareholders a sense of their outlook and sometimes by popular demand.

But Buffett, the CEO of Berkshire Hathaway, has refrained from this practice. In fact, his company's earnings statements are so unorthodox that they don't include any quotes from him or other executives, which he reserves for his annual letter and shareholder meeting. 

Buffett told CNBC in 2016 that earnings guidance "can lead to a lot of malpractice." That's because if companies know they are going to miss earnings expectations, they might try to find ways to make up for the shortfall.

Several other chief executives including JPMorgan's Jamie Dimon, BlackRock's Larry Fink, and General Motors' Mary Barra weighed in on the topic in a 2016 open letter titled "commonsense corporate governance principles." They wrote, among other things, that markets were too obsessed with quarterly earnings forecasts, and companies should only issue guidance if it would benefit shareholders. 

Even President Donald Trump weighed in, tweeting in August that companies should "stop quarterly reporting & go to a six month system." 

Buffett, Dimon, and nearly 200 CEO members of the Business Roundtable narrowed in on the issue again in June. In a Wall Street Journal op-ed, they wrote that quarterly earnings contributed to a shift away from long-term investments. 

If the trend in 2018 is anything to go by, companies might be coming around to this viewpoint. S&P's data shows that guidance in the first and second quarters fell from a year ago. And according to a FactSet report released on Monday, companies were issuing third-quarter guidance at a pace below average. 

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"Fortnite" Season 6 has arrived, introducing pets and Halloween-themed content, along with some quality of life improvements for the game.

Titled "Darkness Rises," the season 6 update adds new locations to the map, including a floating island, a haunted castle, corrupted areas, and corn fields.

Epic has also teased some smaller hidden changes for players to find on their own.

Here's everything that's new:

SEE ALSO: Sony is finally allowing 'Fortnite' players on PlayStation 4 to play with people on Xbox One and Nintendo Switch

The Season 6 battle pass is the key to new content

The new content can be unlocked via the season 6 battle pass, which gives owners access to more than 100 new cosmetic rewards.

The battle pass is now available for purchase for 950 V-Bucks, the game's currency. Newcomers can purchase 1,000 V-Bucks for $9.99. Players earn rewards by leveling up their battle pass, either through gameplay or by purchasing levels for 150 V-Bucks each. Rewards include costumes, sprays, and special gliders, all of which are purely cosmetic.

"Fortnite" seasons last approximately two months, and battle pass rewards can only be earned during the season. However, players will retain whatever rewards they earn after the season ends.

Players can level their battle pass to unlock seven new costumes during season 6.

Buying the battle pass will give players immediate access to two new outfits: DJ Yonder and Calamity. Five more Halloween-themed costumes can be unlocked by leveling up the battle pass.

Calamity, the masked cowgirl outfit, is one of two legendary outfits included in the battle pass; the other is a werewolf outfit called Dire. The Dire costume is unlocked by maxing out the battle pass at level 100.

Legendary outfits gain new effects over time as players use them more often in game.

"Fortnite" Season 6 introduces pets — meet Scales, Bonesy, and Camo.

The battle pass also allows players to unlock new pets to carry with them into the Battle Royale. Players can choose between three pets: Bonesy, Scales, and Camo.

Each animal will react to the action during the game, but like other rewards, they won't have any impact on gameplay.

• New Zealand Prime Minister Jacinda Ardern appeared on the "Late Show with Stephen Colbert" on Wednesday, while she was in New York City for the UN General Assembly.
• During the interview, Ardern gave her take on US President Trump's UN address, which caused widespread laughter when he claimed to have accomplished more than any other administration.
• She also spoke about her one-on-one talk with Trump, which she said was hampered when her partner Clarke accidentally toppled a flagpole.

New Zealand Prime Minister Jacinda Ardern took a break from meetings at the UN General Assembly on Wednesday to appear on the "Late Show with Stephen Colbert", where she charmed the audience with her take on President Donald Trump's address, her partner's gaffs, and her unsuccessful audition for "The Lord of the Rings."

Ardern, the youngest female world leader at 38, made history on Monday when she brought her three-month-old daughter Neve to the floor of the UN General Assembly, to take in Trump's speech.

Trump's address made headlines when he caused the dignitaries to erupt in laughter for claiming he had gotten more done than any prior administration. He later claimed that the audience was laughing with him.

When asked whether this was true, Ardern smiled and asked Colbert if he was "trying to create a diplomatic incident."

She then went on to say that there was a "little laugh" in response to Trump's claim, at which point the US president said, "I didn't expect that response." His comment caused a "bigger laugh," at which point people were laughing with him, Ardern clarified.

Ardern described the first laugh as a "spontaneous murmur amongst ... some people."

"And you joined in?" Colbert asked.

"I observed," Ardern responded, causing the audience to break out into laughter.

Ardern also spoke about her one-on-one talk with Trump later on, when she asked him about getting an exception to his newly imposed tariffs on steel and aluminum.

But she said there was a "slight distraction" when her partner, Clarke Gayford, "knocked over a flag pole."

"As I turned around he was holding this — what I can only describe as a long metal prong, which I think was the device that splays the flag," she said. "And I'm surprised no one leapt on him at that point, because it looked like a weapon."

At another point in the conversation, Colbert, a fan of "The Lord of the Rings" books, pointed out that Ardern comes from a town near the "Hobbiton" set for Peter Jackson's films on the books.

"I did, but I do find it slightly offensive that everyone thinks every New Zealander starred in either 'Lord of the Rings' or 'The Hobbit,'" Ardern joked.

"Were you in 'Lord of the Rings' or 'The Hobbit'?" Colbert asked.

"Some of us auditioned but weren't successful, okay? That's all I'm going to say," she responded.

"Did you really audition?" Colbert asked.

"I did, I did," she said.

Ardern said New Zealand is so casual that people actually do come up to her all the time, and she's usually referred to just by her first name.

"In fact I've had conversations in the most awkward situations, maternity bra shopping, grocery store," Ardern said.

Ardern is expected to address the UN General Assembly herself on Thursday.

Watch Arden's appearance on 'The Late Show' below:

SEE ALSO: The New Zealand prime minister is the first world leader to bring her baby to the UN — and the internet can't get enough

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• AMD is the second-most-bet-against semiconductor stock after Qualcomm, data from the financial-analytics firm S3 Partners shows.
• Short sellers have lost $1.04 billion betting against AMD since the beginning of July.
• Follow AMD's stock price in real-time here. 

Betting against AMD has been a money-losing game.

Short sellers, or those investors betting against a stock, have seen $1.04 billion in mark-to-market losses since July 1, according to data from S3 Partners, a financial-analytics firm.

Since that time, AMD's stock price has risen 115% — making it the top performer in the entire S&P 500 index, a common benchmark for investors to compare their portfolio against.

And while the number of shares shorted has fallen slightly thanks to short-covering, Ihor Dusaniwsky, S3's managing director of predictive analytics, said there's still $4.27 billion riding against the stock — roughly 13% of AMD's market cap.

Short sellers typically go after a stock which they view it as overvalued, and by one major metric AMD very well could be. The stock currently trades at 106.2 times its earnings, otherwise known as its price-to-earnings, or P/E ratio. The sector average is just 26.7, according to data from Bloomberg. Even Qualcomm, the only semiconductor company with greater short interest than AMD, trades at 26.7 on a P/E basis.

AMD's impressive rise has been fueled by significant market share gains in the server chip space, which in turn have led to upgrades from Wall Street research shops and more excitement from investors. 

"We find it increasingly harder to argue our prior bear thesis — even following the recent stock price move — given Intel’s struggles with 10nm process technology," Toshiba Hari, an analyst at Goldman Sachs, said last month when upgrading the stock to "neutral"from "sell."

"The delay in Intel's new products will allow AMD to gain share in not only client (i.e. desktop PC, notebook PC) CPUs, but also in the lucrative server CPU market."

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If you went to a Halloween party in the 1940s, chances are you'd be bobbing for apples. In the 1970s, you'd probably be covered in glitter paint. 

Some Halloween traditions come and go, but others, like Jack o'lanterns and trick-or-treating, remain.

Here are 20 vintage photos of people picking pumpkins, marching in costume parades, and enjoying other Halloween traditions.

Bobbing for apples on a string was a popular Halloween party game in the 1930s.

Children play at the Annual Halloween Party sponsored by the Children's Aid Society in Little Italy, New York, in 1939. 

Adults enjoyed it, too.

US servicemen bob for apples with their USO hostess companions during a Halloween party hosted by the tenants of a 14-story cooperative apartment building in Beekman Place in New York City, 1943.

Costume parades gave kids the opportunity to show off their creativity.

Elementary school children participate in the Halloween festival in Anaheim, California, in 1962. Some 7,000 or more school children take part in a youngsters' parade and there is breakfast for 2,000 costumed citizens.

• Kristen Bell appeared on NBC's "Late Night With Seth Meyers" and discussed filming "Veronica Mars"in San Diego, California when she was younger.  
• The actress explained that the cast was "unsupervised" for three years as they shot the show, and someone would often pull the same, unsanitary prank in the high school bathroom set — which Bell considered to be her character's office. 
• "In the bathroom throughout the three years, someone would constantly poo poo in the fake toilet and we would come to work like every couple months and there would be just a dump in my office," the "Good Place" star said. 
• Bell explained that because there are "union rules," they weren't able to simply clean the mess and move on.
• Instead, they had to shut down production, call OSHA (Occupational Safety and Health Administration), and get a hazmat team to clean up the set.  

Kristen Bell says that there were many pranks pulled on the set of "Veronica Mars," but one in particular has serious consequences. 

The "Good Place" star appeared on NBC's "Late Night With Seth Meyers" on Wednesday and recalled her time filming the popular series in San Diego, California with her co-stars. 

"We were at a place called Stu Segall Productions and most people were from LA and we were just very unsupervised for the three years we were down there."

She added that because no one was monitoring the cast and crew's actions, there was a recurring and unsanitary prank that was pulled. 

"Veronica's office was always the high school bathroom —it's where she did all her PI stuff and there were so many pranks happening because again, we were completely unsupervised in San Diego," Bell said. "We had no executives or bosses coming to the set."

She continued: "In the bathroom throughout the three years, someone would constantly poo poo in the fake toilet and we would come to work like every couple months and there would be just a dump in my office."

Bell added that "working on set, there are union rules. You can't just clean it up and go back to work."

The actress went on to list all the steps that had to be taken, including  shutting down production, calling OSHA (Occupational Safety and Health Administration), and getting a hazmat team to clean up the set.  

Bell will reprise her iconic role as Veronica Mars when the show returns to Hulu in 2019 for an eight-episode fourth season.

Watch the video below (Bell talks about her time on the "Veronica Mars" set at 3:29).

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• Macaroni and cheese-flavored candy canes are now available.
• Reviewers describe the confections as actually tasting like cheese.
• The candy is currently only available online and retails for $5.95.

If your love for cheese knows no bounds, you'll be pleased to know that you can now buy macaroni and cheese-flavored candy canes.

Seattle candy company Archie McPhee recently debuted the yellow and white-striped confections on its website for the 2018 holiday season. The savory candy canes are described by the company as tasting "like your childhood favorite — mac and cheese. It’s like comfort food-flavored comfort food!"

Though the website doesn't list the ingredients in these pasta-inspired treats, Instagram food reviewerjunkfoodmom mused that the candy "smells like cheese andtastes like Mac n cheese but the sweetness overpowers the flavor eventually so it’s doable."

Archie McPhee is no stranger to outlandish flavor combos. They also offer grey clam-flavored "clamdy canes" andvegetable-flavored hard candy. Fans of the dinner for dessert theme might appreciate the company'srotisserie chicken candy canes andgravy hard sweets.

"Macaroni and cheese has become a holiday family tradition in many parts of the country, so why not let our holiday candy reflect that?" the product's description asked.

If you're convinced that the decadent flavor of macaroni and cheese can conquer any food group, you can pick upsix canes for $5.95. 

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• On Wednesday night, Kanye West took to Instagram where he said he regretted not standing by rapper XXXTentacion before he was shot earlier this year.
• At the time of his death, XXXTentacion was awaiting trial for a 2016 domestic-abuse case
• West also spoke out in support of fashion designer ASAP Bari, who has been charged with sexual assault.
• "I let the perception and the robots control me. That's the true sunken place," West captioned his post. "Bari, I appreciate your perspective and vision."

On Wednesday night, Kanye West took to Instagram where he said he regrets not standing by rapper XXXTentacion before he was fatally shot earlier this year. In the caption of his Instagram post, West said that not publicly showing support for XXXTentacion "was some p---- shit on my part."

At the time of his death, XXXTentacion, born James Onfroy, was awaiting trial for a 2016 domestic-abuse case. He faced charges of aggravated battery of his pregnant girlfriend, domestic battery by strangulation, false imprisonment, and witness tampering.

In his post, West said he felt compelled to speak out because of the allegations against ASAP Bari. The co-founder of hip-hop collective ASAP Mob, born Jabari Shelton, was arrested earlier this year and charged with two counts of sexual assault. He then sued his accuser for defamation, per Pitchfork. 

"I let the perception and the robots control me. That's the true sunken place," West wrote in his Instagram post. "Bari, I appreciate your perspective and vision."

In the past, West has spoken out in support of other men who have been accused of sexual misconduct, including Tekashi 6ix9ine, and Donald Trump, and Bill Cosby — who he once tweeted was "innocent." 

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